Women Donate Their Eggs for Cheap IVF Treatment

A UK fertility centre has launched a scheme to provide women with cut-price IVF treatment in return for donating some of their eggs to research. The 'egg-sharing' initiative is being offered by the Newcastle NHS Fertility Centre and the North-East England Stem Cell Institute (Nesci) and will contribute £1500 - around half the cost of one cycle of IVF treatment - to
women who give half their eggs to research. The scheme was approved by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in July 2006 and received public support following a consultation in January 2007. It is intended to make the benefits of IVF more accessible to infertile women whilst addressing the shortage of high quality eggs for human stem cell research. Recruiting started in September 2007 and targets women in the North-East of England aged 21 to 35. So far, 15 women have been found suitable for the scheme out of 100 who came forward. Six of these are due to start their fertility treatment this month. Volunteers are selected after testing and extensive counselling.
Professor Alison Murdoch, who is leading the project, said that 'like all UK research, it will be strictly regulated at a local and national level by ethics committees and the principles of research governance. We expect this to open the door to some infertile women who may now find it less difficult to meet the cost of IVF'. She emphasised that 'the most important
thing is the patient's fertility treatment' - if less than six eggs are collected, the volunteer will be allowed to keep them all in order to maximize their chance of pregnancy. All the women approved for the scheme have had previous IVF treatment, enabling the researchers to select women likely to produce high numbers of good quality eggs.
The donated eggs will be used in somatic cell nuclear transfer experiments to derive embryonic stem cell lines from patients with incurable diseases such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. This strategy, often referred to as 'therapeutic cloning', is used to study the development of these diseases and to test new drugs. A previous scheme allowing researchers to ask for unpaid donations of 'left-over' eggs resulted in insufficient numbers of eggs being contributed to the project.
The new scheme, paid for by the government-funded Medical Research Council, is the first time scientists in the UK have been permitted to offer monetary compensation in return for egg donations for research purposes. This has sparked much dissent amongst pro-life lobbies. Dr Callum MacKellar, director of the Scottish Council on Human Bioethics voiced concern that 'this is an exploitation of poor couples. Rich people will not have to be presented with such a choice because they are able to pay for IVF treatment'.

And the western media tells us that women are exploited in third world countries in egg-sharing schemes & surrogacy...

Dark Circles Under The Eyes

Stem Cell Research

Taare Zameen Par

I had the fortune of watching this movie and was moved to tears more than once. This will surely go down as one of the landmarks of Indian Motion Picture history. Never before in the history of Indian cinema have I seen as sensitive a portrayal of contemporary Indian parents & children. Dyslexia has never been exposed to the masses as a sensitive educational audio-visual "commercial" humane drama such as "Taare Zameen Par".
Darsheel Safary the child star seems to have been born for this role. He fits in like a glove & wrenches the audiences' emotions & drains their lachrymal glands in one sweet-little sparkling package!
The lyrics by my friend Prasoon Joshi had me spell-bound. Prasoon has a special gift from the almighty to tug at your heart-strings with his heavenly poetry. This is not a film review, but I just cannot stop gushing over the movie. First-time director Aamir Khan - words are not enough to salute his effort. What he has done to awaken the entire literate Indian Nation & enlighten grown-ups about parenting-truths is possibly beyond his own comprehension. Thank you Aamir. generations will remember you for your epic.
I think it needed this movie to change my own attitude to my kids. I am a changed person & promise myself & my family that I will be a much better fathter to my kids Ranveer & Akanksha after today.
Please visit www.taarezameenpar.com for loads of information about the film & the fabulous team that made this blockbuster.

Fragile X correctable in mice

Scientists have discovered a gene modification which helps to reduce some of the symptoms of Fragile X in mice - a condition which in humans is the leading inherited cause of autism and learning difficulties. Published in the journal Neuron, the research suggests that a new class of drugs entering human safety trials in America next year could help to reverse symptoms of Fragile X. Professor Mark Bear, who led the study at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory at Massachusetts Institute for Technology, is optimistic that the discovery will lead to new treatments in the future. 'These findings have major therapeutic implications for fragile X syndrome and autism', he said. Fragile X is an incurable condition which affects one in 4000 boys and half as many girls and has been linked to learning difficulties, epilepsy, abnormal body growth and autism. The condition is caused by a mutation in the X-chromosome's FMR1 gene which results in a weakening of the electrical signals sent along so-called dendric spines - connections involved in communication between brain cells - which become abnormally longer, thinner and more abundant. Scientists believe that these brain abnormalities may be caused when, in the absence of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) - the protein encoded by the FMR1 gene - the production of another protein - mGluR5 - runs out of control. To test this theory, the researchers created 'double mutant' mice which were genetically modified to lack the FMR1 gene and also produce half the amount of mGluR5. They found that many of the Fragile X symptoms, including some of the abnormalities in brain and body growth and development and epileptic seizures, were reduced in the double mutants when compared to 'single mutant' mice who lacked only the FMR1 gene. Although the researchers used a gene modification to reduce mGluR5, in theory the same thing could be achieved by a drug.
However Dr Mark Hirst, scientific advisor to the UK Fragile X Society, believes that reducing mGluR5 alone is unlikely be as effective on human Fragile X patients. 'We must not take our eye off the other proteins that are mis-regulated, as the basis of fragile X syndrome is likely to be more complex and involve other pathways', he told the BBC.

Fertility Falls with Weight Gain

Overweight women are significantly more likely to experience fertility problems, according to a study published in the journal Human Reproduction last week. Obesity is defined in adults as having a body mass index (BMI) above 30. The study found that for every BMI unit above 29, the probability of achieving pregnancy was reduced by four per cent. Dr Jan Willem van der Steeg of the Academic Medical Centre in Amsterdam, who led the study, told the BBC that the findings were 'worrying' in light
of increasing obesity levels in the UK and elsewhere. 'We think that women should be informed about their lower pregnancy chances due to their overweight', he said in a statement, adding: 'We hypothesise that losing weight will increase the chance to conceive without treatment'.
BMI is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. The BMI categories used clinically are normal (18.5-24.9),overweight (25-29.9) and obese (greater than 30). Last month, new guidelines from the British Fertility Society recommended recently that severely obese women, who are under 37 and therefore not in danger of thwarting their reproductive years, should have their fertility treatment deferred until they have lost weight. However at the time some critics voiced concerns that BMI was not a good indicator of body fat in all women, such as those who have a lot of muscle. The researchers examined 3,000 'sub-fertile' women - those who have had at least one year of unprotected sex without conceiving - in the first study of its kind to look at the link between BMI and pregnancy chances in a large group of women who have no obvious reasons for infertility. At the top end of the scale, very obese women (with a BMI of over 35) were found to be 26-43 per cent less likely to conceive than women within an average BMI range of 21-29.
One theory is that leptin - a hormone that regulates appetite and energy expenditure and is secreted in fatty acids - may affect hormone levels in obese women. 'It is possible that obese women may have disturbed hormone levels, which decrease the chances of successful fertilisation and implantation', said Dr van der Steeg, who is convinced that rising levels of
obesity is a primary factor in the increasing numbers of couples seeking infertility treatment.

Zero Sperm Counts & Genetic Links

What has become evident at our Centers over the last several years is that our ability to diagnose and successfully treat severe male infertility problems has surpassed our ability to understand the basic causes of these problems. In the recent past, it was considered that nearly 20% of men with extremely low or "zero" sperm counts had no known medical reason for their fertility problems. Most recently, major advances in molecular biology and genetics have provided the "reasons" for severe infertility (very low or zero sperm counts) in many men whose fertility problems were previously poorly understood. We now know that 20-30% of men with such low (under 10 million/ml) or zero sperm counts have a now identifiable genetic cause for their problem. While we are now able to assist many, many men previously thought to be "hopelessly" infertile achieve pregnancy, it remains very important to not only treat these men, but to provide such couples with genetic information related to the problem causing the low or zero count. This is important because many of these genetic characteristics may potentially be passed along to children conceived with the help of modern male infertility treatments. Genetic disorders that would previously not have been able to be "passed along" due to the male's infertility are now being retained in the "gene pool" as a result of new procedures that overcome most of these previously untreatable male conditions.
Y chromosome deletions can be a contributing factor in male infertility. Only men have a Y chromosome and it is passed from father to son. The Y chromosome contains genes that direct an embryo to develop into a male. While there are few genes on the Y chromosome, included are genes that are important for male fertility.Microdeletions are missing regions of DNA that are so small they can't be detected through normal chromosome analysis. Instead, labs use advanced techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect whether the regions are present or missing. Sperm production is affected when there are microdeletions on the long arm of the Y chromosome in regions called AZF (for azoospermic factor). Genetic testing looks at three AZF regions. If a deletion is found, the prognosis depends on the amount of missing DNA and the region in which it is missing. Y chromosome microdeletions are the second most common genetic reason that men have a low sperm count or lack sperm. (Klinefelter's syndrome is the most common reason.) Currently, there are no other known health problems that come from having a Y chromosome microdeletion other than infertility.
Incidentally, we were the first in India to offer this test. You can order this test from our homepage at http://www.iwannagetpregnant.com/myctest.shtml
Wishing our bloggeurs a fertile new year!