The use of donated oocytes for IVF is highly successful and offers nearly 100 percent pregnancy rates after five treatment cycles, a Spanish team reports. José Remohà (Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain) and colleagues reviewed reproductive outcomes in a total of 10537 oocyte donation cycles performed at a university-affiliated infertility clinic between 1995 and 2005. Overall rates of pregnancy, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and miscarriage per embryo transfer were 54.9 percent, 27.0 percent, 50.3 percent, and 19.0 percent, respectively. Rates of twin and higher-multiple pregnancies were 39.0 percent and 6.0 percent, respectively. Over the study period, the mean number of embryos transferred fell from 3.6 to 1.9, and both implantation and ongoing pregnancy rates improved significantly.
"Pregnancy rates did not differ among different indications for oocyte donation, age groups, or origin of sperm used for oocyte insemination," the authors comment. Cumulative pregnancy rates were 87.0 percent after three cycles and 96.8 percent after five cycles, indicating that success does not diminish with consecutive attempts. The authors say that oocyte donation has the advantage of being effective independent of the cause of female infertility and severity of male infertility, and conclude that their IVF using oocyte donation is "highly successful."
Tuesday, September 4, 2007
Monday, September 3, 2007
Premature Ovarian Failure (POF)
A new study has identified risk factors associated with the development of premature ovarian failure (POF) and early menopause. Researchers from centers in Chungju, Seoul and Ilsan, in the Republic of Korea, set out to identify premenopausal risk factors associated with idiopathic POF and early menopause in Korean women, and to find out if the risk factors for POF are distinct from those for early menopause.For the study, menopause was defined as a period of amenorrhea of more than 12 consecutive months. POF was defined as the cessation of menstruation before the age of 40 years, and early menopause was defined as the occurrence of menopause at age 40-44 years. The study population, recruited from local districts as part of a larger study investigating cancer, consisted of 84 women with idiopathic POF, 261 women with idiopathic EM (women with surgical or medical menopause were excluded) and a control group of 1,318 women with ‘normal’ menopause, at age 45-60. The women provided information on their premenopausal lifestyle and reproductive factors.
The main findings of the study, reported in a new paper in the journal Maturitas, include:
Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with idiopathic POF, but not early menopause: the odds ratio of developing idiopathic POF was 1.82 for women who had ever smoked, compared with those who had never smoked. Environmental smoking (defined as a woman living in the same house for at least 1 year prior to menopause with a family member who smoked at least 20 packs of cigarettes in a lifetime) was also significantly associated with idiopathic POF, but not early menopause.
Being 13 years-old or younger at menarche significantly increased the risk of idiopathic POF and idiopathic early menopause.
Having a regular menstruation cycle (defined as occurring every 21-35 days) significantly reduced the risk of idiopathic POF and idiopathic early menopause (odds ratio 0.55, 95 percent confidence interval 0.32-0.95).
Using oral contraceptives significantly reduced the risk of idiopathic early menopause, but not idiopathic POF.
Among parous women, breast-feeding for 24 months or more significantly reduced the risk of idiopathic POF, but not early menopause.
Other environmental, physical and reproductive factors investigated – including alcohol consumption, physical activity per week, sedentary time per day, exposure to agricultural chemicals, parity, and spontaneous abortion in the first pregnancy – did not show any significant relationship with idiopathic POF or early menopause.
The researchers discuss their findings in detail, including the biological mechanisms likely to account for some of the associations such as with cigarette smoking. They conclude that they were able to identify some risk factors that were specific to either POF or early menopause, but that many of the risk factors related to ovulation, such as later menarche, irregular menstruation, and longer duration of breast feeding, were common to both POF and early menopause.
The main findings of the study, reported in a new paper in the journal Maturitas, include:
Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with idiopathic POF, but not early menopause: the odds ratio of developing idiopathic POF was 1.82 for women who had ever smoked, compared with those who had never smoked. Environmental smoking (defined as a woman living in the same house for at least 1 year prior to menopause with a family member who smoked at least 20 packs of cigarettes in a lifetime) was also significantly associated with idiopathic POF, but not early menopause.
Being 13 years-old or younger at menarche significantly increased the risk of idiopathic POF and idiopathic early menopause.
Having a regular menstruation cycle (defined as occurring every 21-35 days) significantly reduced the risk of idiopathic POF and idiopathic early menopause (odds ratio 0.55, 95 percent confidence interval 0.32-0.95).
Using oral contraceptives significantly reduced the risk of idiopathic early menopause, but not idiopathic POF.
Among parous women, breast-feeding for 24 months or more significantly reduced the risk of idiopathic POF, but not early menopause.
Other environmental, physical and reproductive factors investigated – including alcohol consumption, physical activity per week, sedentary time per day, exposure to agricultural chemicals, parity, and spontaneous abortion in the first pregnancy – did not show any significant relationship with idiopathic POF or early menopause.
The researchers discuss their findings in detail, including the biological mechanisms likely to account for some of the associations such as with cigarette smoking. They conclude that they were able to identify some risk factors that were specific to either POF or early menopause, but that many of the risk factors related to ovulation, such as later menarche, irregular menstruation, and longer duration of breast feeding, were common to both POF and early menopause.
Sunday, September 2, 2007
Proud To Be A Punju
Over the week-end, a friend sent me these Punju-truths. I am a proud Punjabi with cousins from Delhi to Amritsar and could identify with these witty Delhi-isms. Would love more Punju-truths over week-ends.
ABC OF PUNJABIS
A is for Adjust, Punjabis will always ask you to adjust whenever they want to push you around.
B is for Backside, and it has nothing to do with your bum, it is an instruction to go to the rear of a building, or block, or shop or whatever.
C is for cloney and its first name is not George nor is it a process for replicating sheep – it is an area where people live eg. Dfence cloney.
E is for expanditure – and believe me Punjabis are not scared of spending money – the latest cars, marble floors, their ambitions are always expanding.
F is for fackade, and even though it sounds like a bad word it is actually just the front of a building (with backside being the back, of course).
G is for Gaddi and the way a Punjabi can pilot a car puts any F1 driver to shame, if the Grand Prix does come to Delhi there's no way Hamilton, Alonso or Kimi can overtake Balvinder, Jasvinder and Sukhvinder.
H is for Ho Jayega, the moment you hear that, you have to be very careful because you can be reasonably sure it's not going to happen.
I is for Intezaar… to know more about it see P.
J is for Jindagi and if there's one person who knows how to live life to the full it's a Punjabi.
K is for Khanna, Khurana, etc – the Punjabi equivalent of the Johnses ie, keeping up with the Khuranas.
L is for Lovely but she never is. Nor is Sweety.
M is for Mrooti – the car that moved an entire Punjabi generation.
N is for No problem ji - to find out how that works see H.
O is for Oye which can be surprise (oyye!), a hailing (oyy), anger (OYY) or pain (oy oy oy).
P is for Panch minit and no matter how near (1 km) or far a Punjabi is from you (100 km) they usually say they'll reach you in panch minit.
Q is for Queue for which there's really no word in Punjabi.
R is for Riks and a Punjabi is always prepared to take one, even if the odds are against them.
S is for Sweetie, Bunty, Pappu and Sonu who seem to own half the cars in Delhi.
T is for the official bird of Punjab – Tandoori chicken.
U is for when U lose your sex appeal and become 'Uncle' ji.
V is for VIP phone numbers @ Rs 15 lakh and counting.
W is War – on the roads.
X is x-rated words they flow freely in casual conversations on the street.
Y is 'You nonsense', anger replacing vocabulary in a shouting match. And
Z is for Zig zag for which you should see G, M and P.
ABC OF PUNJABIS
A is for Adjust, Punjabis will always ask you to adjust whenever they want to push you around.
B is for Backside, and it has nothing to do with your bum, it is an instruction to go to the rear of a building, or block, or shop or whatever.
C is for cloney and its first name is not George nor is it a process for replicating sheep – it is an area where people live eg. Dfence cloney.
E is for expanditure – and believe me Punjabis are not scared of spending money – the latest cars, marble floors, their ambitions are always expanding.
F is for fackade, and even though it sounds like a bad word it is actually just the front of a building (with backside being the back, of course).
G is for Gaddi and the way a Punjabi can pilot a car puts any F1 driver to shame, if the Grand Prix does come to Delhi there's no way Hamilton, Alonso or Kimi can overtake Balvinder, Jasvinder and Sukhvinder.
H is for Ho Jayega, the moment you hear that, you have to be very careful because you can be reasonably sure it's not going to happen.
I is for Intezaar… to know more about it see P.
J is for Jindagi and if there's one person who knows how to live life to the full it's a Punjabi.
K is for Khanna, Khurana, etc – the Punjabi equivalent of the Johnses ie, keeping up with the Khuranas.
L is for Lovely but she never is. Nor is Sweety.
M is for Mrooti – the car that moved an entire Punjabi generation.
N is for No problem ji - to find out how that works see H.
O is for Oye which can be surprise (oyye!), a hailing (oyy), anger (OYY) or pain (oy oy oy).
P is for Panch minit and no matter how near (1 km) or far a Punjabi is from you (100 km) they usually say they'll reach you in panch minit.
Q is for Queue for which there's really no word in Punjabi.
R is for Riks and a Punjabi is always prepared to take one, even if the odds are against them.
S is for Sweetie, Bunty, Pappu and Sonu who seem to own half the cars in Delhi.
T is for the official bird of Punjab – Tandoori chicken.
U is for when U lose your sex appeal and become 'Uncle' ji.
V is for VIP phone numbers @ Rs 15 lakh and counting.
W is War – on the roads.
X is x-rated words they flow freely in casual conversations on the street.
Y is 'You nonsense', anger replacing vocabulary in a shouting match. And
Z is for Zig zag for which you should see G, M and P.
Saturday, September 1, 2007
Art Critics
At the National Art Gallery in Dublin , a husband and wife were staring at a portrait that had them completely confused. The painting depicted three black men totally naked sitting on a park bench. Two of the figures had black willies, but the one in the middle had a pink willie.
The curator of the gallery realized that they were having trouble interpreting the painting and offered his assessment. He went on for over half an hour explaining how it depicted the sexual emasculation of black men in a predominately white, patriarchal society. "In fact," he pointed out, some serious critics believe that the pink willie also reflects the cultural and sociological oppression experienced by gay men in contemporary society."
After the curator left, an Irishman, approached the couple and said, "Would you like to know what the painting is really about?" "Now why would you claim to be more of an expert than the curator of the gallery?" asked the couple. "Because I'm the guy who painted it," he replied. "In fact, there are no black men depicted at all. They're just three Irish coal miners. The guy in the middle went home for lunch."
The curator of the gallery realized that they were having trouble interpreting the painting and offered his assessment. He went on for over half an hour explaining how it depicted the sexual emasculation of black men in a predominately white, patriarchal society. "In fact," he pointed out, some serious critics believe that the pink willie also reflects the cultural and sociological oppression experienced by gay men in contemporary society."
After the curator left, an Irishman, approached the couple and said, "Would you like to know what the painting is really about?" "Now why would you claim to be more of an expert than the curator of the gallery?" asked the couple. "Because I'm the guy who painted it," he replied. "In fact, there are no black men depicted at all. They're just three Irish coal miners. The guy in the middle went home for lunch."
Friday, August 31, 2007
Thursday, August 30, 2007
IVF linked to high Blood Pressure during pregnancy
A team of US researchers based at Boston University have found that women who have IVF treatment are more likely to have high blood pressure during pregnancy than women who conceive naturally. The study, published last week in the journal Fertility and Sterility, links IVF treatment to two conditions - gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia - both of which are characterised by high blood pressure during pregnancy, affecting the mother and unborn baby.
Pre-eclampsia, also characterised by protein in the urine, accounts for about 15 per cent of premature births. The babies are not only premature but also often 'small for dates' because of growth problems, according to the publication.The researchers, lead by Dr Allen Mitchell, director of Boston University's Sloane Epidemiology Centre, interviewed over 5,000 recent mothers about any unusual symptoms during pregnancy, including gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia, and whether or not they underwent any IVF treatment. In women who had undergone IVF treatment, they found that the risk of gestational hypertension was 90 per cent higher, and the risk of pre-eclampsia more than twice as high. However, after taking into account for other factors linked to these conditions, such as number of previous pregnancies, weight and having multiple births, these risks dropped to just 30 per cent and 20 per cent respectively.
The researchers concluded that the increased risk of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia in women who underwent IVF treatment was mostly explained by the fact that such fertility treatment increases the chances of multiple births.
Pre-eclampsia, also characterised by protein in the urine, accounts for about 15 per cent of premature births. The babies are not only premature but also often 'small for dates' because of growth problems, according to the publication.The researchers, lead by Dr Allen Mitchell, director of Boston University's Sloane Epidemiology Centre, interviewed over 5,000 recent mothers about any unusual symptoms during pregnancy, including gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia, and whether or not they underwent any IVF treatment. In women who had undergone IVF treatment, they found that the risk of gestational hypertension was 90 per cent higher, and the risk of pre-eclampsia more than twice as high. However, after taking into account for other factors linked to these conditions, such as number of previous pregnancies, weight and having multiple births, these risks dropped to just 30 per cent and 20 per cent respectively.
The researchers concluded that the increased risk of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia in women who underwent IVF treatment was mostly explained by the fact that such fertility treatment increases the chances of multiple births.
Wednesday, August 29, 2007
Marzipan Babies
Marzipan is an Almond paste: a sweet paste made of ground almonds and sugar, often with egg whites or yolks, used as a layer in cakes or molded into ornamental shapes.You might appreciate these. Truly amazing and I thought you'd be as fascinated with these as I. These are made with marzipan....really unbelievable! While some of the faces may look "crafted" rather than "real", every detail is amazing, and the babies look amazingly real!
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